The Optimal Combination between Recycling Channel and Logistics Service Outsourcing in a Closed-Loop Supply Chain Considering Consumers’ Environmental Awareness

نویسندگان

چکیده

In the closed-loop supply chain, many suppliers opt for self-recycling or entrust retailers to recycle. Under both recycling channels, member responsible can undertake outsource logistics services. This paper investigates how consumers’ environmental awareness and cost-saving affect optimal combination of channel logistics-service strategy. To this end, we mathematically formulate supplier-led Stackelberg game theoretical-framework, apply Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions constrained optimization. We examine under impact on profits, social welfare, using numerical analysis. Results demonstrate that as remain at a higher level, supplier retailer will achieve maximum profits when entrusts recycle undertakes Meanwhile, third party choose be entrusted with services by supplier, rather than retailer. improve supply-chain performance, should assume responsibility build system.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Sustainability

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['2071-1050']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416385